LITHOLOGIC AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC STUDY OF UPPER JURASSIC– LOWER CRETACEOUS (VALANGINIAN) DEPOSITS OF SIERRA DEL ROSARIO REGION, PINAR DEL RÍO PROVINCE, WESTERN CUBA
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Abstract
Artemisa and Sumidero units crop out in Sierra del Rosario, Western Cuba, and represent carbonatic sequences belonging to the continental passive margin. The age interval ranges from Upper Jurassic (Kimmerdigian) to Lower Cretacic (Valanginian). Three independent facies are reported for these units: neritic (open sea) basin deposits, slope facies and shallow water deposits. The neritic deposits are the most common facies and constitute the base for the classification of both units. Different lito- and biofacial elements allow a correlation between these deposits and the sequences of Wilson´s facial belts 1 and 2. The remaining facies (slope and shallow water deposits) are characterized by the presence of packstone and rudstone that contains oolites and benthic microorganisms. These characteristic can be compared with the Wilson´s facial belts 3 and 4. These facies are less common than the neritic facies and are observed in both Artemisa and Sumidero units, although there is a slight increment of them within the Artemisa Formation. As a result of intense biostratigraphic studies, the Lower Cretacic (Berriasian - Valanginian) is confirmed for Sumidero unit. However, some individual samples from Río Caimito yielded Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretacic (lower berriasian) due to the presence of Saccocoma, a very uncommon report for the rocks of this unit. In Artemisa Formation, the Crassicollaria Biozone was identified, according to Nannoconus, Crassicollaria sp, Crassicollaria aff, C. brevis, general forms of Calpionella alpina and Colomisphaera sp, all of them indicating an Upper Jurassic (Upper Tithonian) age.
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